challenge: do challenge 19

1 files changed, 216 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/challenge/c19.go b/challenge/c19.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84ff57b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge/c19.go
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+// Copyright © 2021 rsiddharth <s@ricketyspace.net>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: ISC
+
+package challenge
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"ricketyspace.net/cryptopals/lib"
+)
+
+func C19() {
+	texts := []string{
+		"SSBoYXZlIG1ldCB0aGVtIGF0IGNsb3NlIG9mIGRheQ==",
+		"Q29taW5nIHdpdGggdml2aWQgZmFjZXM=",
+		"RnJvbSBjb3VudGVyIG9yIGRlc2sgYW1vbmcgZ3JleQ==",
+		"RWlnaHRlZW50aC1jZW50dXJ5IGhvdXNlcy4=",
+		"SSBoYXZlIHBhc3NlZCB3aXRoIGEgbm9kIG9mIHRoZSBoZWFk",
+		"T3IgcG9saXRlIG1lYW5pbmdsZXNzIHdvcmRzLA==",
+		"T3IgaGF2ZSBsaW5nZXJlZCBhd2hpbGUgYW5kIHNhaWQ=",
+		"UG9saXRlIG1lYW5pbmdsZXNzIHdvcmRzLA==",
+		"QW5kIHRob3VnaHQgYmVmb3JlIEkgaGFkIGRvbmU=",
+		"T2YgYSBtb2NraW5nIHRhbGUgb3IgYSBnaWJl",
+		"VG8gcGxlYXNlIGEgY29tcGFuaW9u",
+		"QXJvdW5kIHRoZSBmaXJlIGF0IHRoZSBjbHViLA==",
+		"QmVpbmcgY2VydGFpbiB0aGF0IHRoZXkgYW5kIEk=",
+		"QnV0IGxpdmVkIHdoZXJlIG1vdGxleSBpcyB3b3JuOg==",
+		"QWxsIGNoYW5nZWQsIGNoYW5nZWQgdXR0ZXJseTo=",
+		"QSB0ZXJyaWJsZSBiZWF1dHkgaXMgYm9ybi4=",
+		"VGhhdCB3b21hbidzIGRheXMgd2VyZSBzcGVudA==",
+		"SW4gaWdub3JhbnQgZ29vZCB3aWxsLA==",
+		"SGVyIG5pZ2h0cyBpbiBhcmd1bWVudA==",
+		"VW50aWwgaGVyIHZvaWNlIGdyZXcgc2hyaWxsLg==",
+		"V2hhdCB2b2ljZSBtb3JlIHN3ZWV0IHRoYW4gaGVycw==",
+		"V2hlbiB5b3VuZyBhbmQgYmVhdXRpZnVsLA==",
+		"U2hlIHJvZGUgdG8gaGFycmllcnM/",
+		"VGhpcyBtYW4gaGFkIGtlcHQgYSBzY2hvb2w=",
+		"QW5kIHJvZGUgb3VyIHdpbmdlZCBob3JzZS4=",
+		"VGhpcyBvdGhlciBoaXMgaGVscGVyIGFuZCBmcmllbmQ=",
+		"V2FzIGNvbWluZyBpbnRvIGhpcyBmb3JjZTs=",
+		"SGUgbWlnaHQgaGF2ZSB3b24gZmFtZSBpbiB0aGUgZW5kLA==",
+		"U28gc2Vuc2l0aXZlIGhpcyBuYXR1cmUgc2VlbWVkLA==",
+		"U28gZGFyaW5nIGFuZCBzd2VldCBoaXMgdGhvdWdodC4=",
+		"VGhpcyBvdGhlciBtYW4gSSBoYWQgZHJlYW1lZA==",
+		"QSBkcnVua2VuLCB2YWluLWdsb3Jpb3VzIGxvdXQu",
+		"SGUgaGFkIGRvbmUgbW9zdCBiaXR0ZXIgd3Jvbmc=",
+		"VG8gc29tZSB3aG8gYXJlIG5lYXIgbXkgaGVhcnQs",
+		"WWV0IEkgbnVtYmVyIGhpbSBpbiB0aGUgc29uZzs=",
+		"SGUsIHRvbywgaGFzIHJlc2lnbmVkIGhpcyBwYXJ0",
+		"SW4gdGhlIGNhc3VhbCBjb21lZHk7",
+		"SGUsIHRvbywgaGFzIGJlZW4gY2hhbmdlZCBpbiBoaXMgdHVybiw=",
+		"VHJhbnNmb3JtZWQgdXR0ZXJseTo=",
+		"QSB0ZXJyaWJsZSBiZWF1dHkgaXMgYm9ybi4=",
+	}
+	// English alphabets ordered by frequency
+	// (https://mdickens.me/typing/letter_frequency.html)
+	ascii := []byte{
+		' ', 'e', 't', 'a', 'o', 'i', 'n', 's', 'r', 'h', 'l', 'd',
+		'c', 'u', 'm', 'f', 'g', 'p', 'y', 'w', 'b', ',', '.',
+		'v', 'k', '-', '"', '_', '\'', 'x', ')', '(', ';', '0', 'j',
+		'1', 'q', '=', '2', ':', 'z', '/', '*', '!', '?', '$', '3',
+		'5', '>', '{', '}', '4', '9', '[', ']', '8', '6', '7', '\\',
+		'+', '|', '&', '<', '%', '@', '#', '^', '`', '~',
+	}
+	// Key: ASCII character; Value: score
+	asciiScores := make(map[byte]int, 0)
+	for pos, a := range ascii {
+		asciiScores[a] = 255 - pos
+		// Also add the uppercase version of ascii
+		// character if it exists.
+		au := lib.ByteToUpper(a)
+		if a != au {
+			asciiScores[au] = 255 - pos
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Utility functions.
+	cipherStreamByteGroups := func(ciphers [][]byte) map[int][]byte {
+		kbg := make(map[int][]byte, 0)
+		for i := 0; i < len(ciphers); i++ {
+			for j := 0; j < len(ciphers[i]); j++ {
+				if _, ok := kbg[j]; !ok {
+					kbg[j] = make([]byte, 0)
+				}
+				kbg[j] = append(kbg[j], ciphers[i][j])
+			}
+		}
+		return kbg
+	}
+	crackOutputBlockByteForGroup := func(pos int, g []byte) byte {
+		po := make([][]byte, len(g)) // Potential Output block bytes
+		for i, c := range g {
+			po[i] = make([]byte, 0)
+			for _, a := range ascii {
+				o := c ^ a
+				po[i] = append(po[i], o)
+
+				// Also try the uppercase version of ascii
+				// character if it exists.
+				au := lib.ByteToUpper(a)
+				if a != au {
+					o := c ^ au
+					po[i] = append(po[i], o)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		co := lib.BytesInCommon(po) // Common Output Block bytes.
+		if len(co) < 1 {
+			return 0 // NUL
+		}
+		if len(co) == 1 {
+			return co[0]
+		}
+		tob := byte(0) // The Output Block byte.
+		bscr := 0      // Best score.
+		for _, o := range co {
+			scr := 0
+			for _, c := range g {
+				p := c ^ o
+				if s, ok := asciiScores[p]; ok {
+					scr += s
+				}
+				if pos == 0 && lib.ByteIsUpper(p) {
+					scr += 1
+				}
+			}
+			if scr > bscr {
+				bscr = scr
+				tob = o
+			}
+		}
+		return tob
+	}
+
+	// Make ciphers from plain text data.
+	ciphers := make([][]byte, len(texts))
+	key, err := lib.RandomBytes(16)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Error generating key %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	nonce := uint64(lib.RandomInt(0, 10))
+	for i, b64 := range texts {
+		text := lib.Base64ToBytes(b64)
+		ciphers[i], err = lib.AESEncryptCTR(text, key, lib.AESGenCTRFunc(nonce))
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Printf("Error encrypting text:%d: %v", i, err)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Group the cipher streams into groups by position of the cipher
+	// byte in the stream.
+	cbg := cipherStreamByteGroups(ciphers)
+
+	// Try get crack and get the output block stream.
+	obs := make(map[int]byte, 0) // Output Block Stream map.
+	for pos, cgrp := range cbg {
+		obs[pos] = crackOutputBlockByteForGroup(pos, cgrp)
+	}
+
+	// Decipher cipher using the output block stream.
+	for _, cipher := range ciphers {
+		for i, c := range cipher {
+			p := c ^ obs[i]
+			fmt.Printf("%c", p)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("\n")
+	}
+}
+
+// Output:
+// I have met them at close of day
+// Coming with vivid faces
+// From counter or desk among grey
+// Eighteenth-century houses.
+// I have passed with a nod of the heae
+// Or polite meaningless words,
+// Or have lingered awhile and said
+// Polite meaningless words,
+// And thought before I had done
+// Of a mocking tale or a gibe
+// To please a companion
+// Around the fire at the club,
+// Being certain that they and I
+// But lived where motley is worn:
+// All changed, changed utterly:
+// A terrible beauty is born.
+// That woman's days were spent
+// In ignorant good will,
+// Her nights in argument
+// Until her voice grew shrill.
+// What voice more sweet than hers
+// When young and beautiful,
+// She rode to harriers?
+// This man had kept a school
+// And rode our winged horse.
+// This other his helper and friend
+// Was coming into his force;
+// He might have won fame in the end,
+// So sensitive his nature seemed,
+// So daring and sweet his thought.
+// This other man I had dreamed
+// A drunken, vain-glorious lout.
+// He had done most bitter wrong
+// To some who are near my heart,
+// Yet I number him in the song;
+// He, too, has resigned his part
+// In the casual comedy;
+// He, too, has been changed in his tus
+// Transformed utterly:
+// A terrible beauty is born.
+
+// Stuff the program did not get correctly:
+//  1. On the 5th line, 'heae' -> 'head'
+//  2. On the 38th line, 'tus ' -> 'turn'